Improved zero-correlation linear cryptanalysis of reduced-round Camellia under weak keys

Abstract

Camellia is one of the widely used block ciphers, which has been included in the NESSIE block cipher portfolio and selected as a standard by ISO/IEC. In this study, the authors observe that there exist some interesting properties of the <i>FL</i>/<i>FL</i>-1 functions in Camellia. With this observation they derive some weak keys for the cipher, based on which they present the first known 8-round zero-correlation linear distinguisher of Camellia with <i>FL</i>/<i>FL</i>-1 layers. This result shows that the <i>FL</i>/<i>FL</i>-1 layers inserted in Camellia cannot resist zero-correlation linear cryptanalysis effectively for some weak keys since the currently best zero-correlation linear distinguisher for Camellia without <i>FL</i>/<i>FL</i>-1 layers also covers eight rounds. Moreover, by using the novel distinguisher, they launch key recovery attacks on 13-round Camellia-192 and 14-round Camellia-256. To their knowledge, these results are the best for Camellia-192 and Camellia-256 with <i>FL</i>/<i>FL</i>-1 and whitening layers.