Cluster-Based Nonstationary Channel Modeling for Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications

Abstract

In this letter, a three-dimensional (3-D) cluster-based nonstationary channel model is proposed for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. To efficiently describe the scattering environment and reflect the nonstationarity of V2V channels, the proposed model considers the single- and double-bounced clusters in 3-D space, and includes the effect of activity of clusters by introducing visibility regions. Furthermore, based on the geometrical relationships in the model, the channel impulse response is derived as a sum of the line-of-sight, single- and double-bounced rays, and the space-time-frequency correlation properties are analyzed. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed model is validated by realistic V2V channel measurements.